Flat steel is primarily made of low-carbon steel, with common types including plain carbon steel, alloy steel, and stainless steel. The following are the main types and their characteristics:
Plain Carbon Steel
Plain carbon steel flat steel has a low carbon content (typically ≤0.25%), resulting in lower cost and suitable for general applications such as building structures.
Alloy Steel
Alloy steel is used in some specialized applications (such as pressure vessels and rail transit), offering both strength and corrosion resistance.
Stainless Steel
Take 304 stainless steel flat steel as an example. It contains 19% chromium and 9% nickel, forming a passive film on its surface for exceptional corrosion resistance. It is suitable for applications such as chemical equipment and nuclear power. Cold-drawn flat steel offers a high-quality surface finish, while hot-rolled flat steel is suitable for industrial, heavily corrosive environments.
Hot-rolled flat steel offers a rough surface, suitable for industrial applications.
Cold-drawn flat steel (brushed finish): Offers a high-quality surface finish, often used for decorative or demanding applications.

Feature highlights:This U Channel steel, made from high-quality non-alloy materials like Q235 and A36, is designed for construction applications with a ±1% tolerance. It features hot-rolled processing and customizable surface treatments, ensuring adaptability to various needs. The product adheres to ASTM standards and comes in lengths of 6m-12m. Certified with RoHS, it ensures compliance with environmental safety standards, offering buyers peace of mind regarding market access.

Product Specifications and Supply

UPN Series Channel Steel: The reference information mentions European standard channel steel specifications such as UPN100, UPN180, and UPN200, with materials including S355J2.

For example, UPN200 channel steel can be used for building supports or lead-lined water tanks.

Cold-Rolled U-Shaped Steel: Some suppliers offer cold-rolled U-shaped steel (C/U Channel), but few are explicitly labeled as cold-rolled in the reference information; most are hot-rolled or thermomechanically rolled products.

Key Features

Material and Standards: A36 steel typically has higher chemical composition and mechanical property requirements than national standards, exhibiting better strength and toughness.

Zinc Plating Process: Surface galvanizing (hot-dip galvanizing) effectively prevents corrosion and is suitable for harsh environments such as strong acids and alkalis.

Specifications and Shapes: Common specifications include the UPN series (such as UPN80-UPN200), with shapes of U-shaped or C-shaped channel steel.

U-shaped steel (channel steel) manufactured using Q235 or Q195 steel.

Choosing Q235: If the U-shaped channel steel is used in projects requiring heavy loads, such as building support beams, bridges, and vehicle manufacturing, Q235 is a more suitable choice.

Choosing Q195: If used in non-load-bearing structures, hardware products, or scenarios with high forming requirements (such as bending and stamping), Q195 has a greater cost advantage.

Chemical Composition of Stainless Steel Channel Steel

304 Stainless Steel: Contains 18% chromium and 8% nickel, molybdenum-free.

316L Stainless Steel: Contains 2-3% molybdenum compared to 304, with a carbon content ≤0.03% (low-carbon version).

Performance Impact: Molybdenum significantly improves the corrosion resistance of 316L in chloride environments (such as marine and chemical environments), but its cost is 20%-50% higher than 304.

Channel steel is primarily made of carbon structural steel or low-alloy structural steel. Common materials include Q235 and Q345. In addition, some channels for special applications may be made of stainless steel, and the specific material can be customized based on your needs.
Common Material Characteristics
Carbon structural steel: Represented by Q235 and Q345, these are ordinary carbon steels with low cost and suitable for general structural needs.
Low-alloy structural steel: These are ordinary carbon steels with alloying elements (such as manganese and silicon) added to enhance their strength and toughness.
Stainless steel: Types such as 201, 304, and 316L offer enhanced corrosion resistance and are suitable for use in humid or corrosive environments.
Applications
Ordinary carbon steel: Common applications include building structures, machinery and equipment, and vehicle manufacturing.
Stainless steel: These are often used in harsh corrosive environments, such as marine engineering and chemical equipment.

Main Characteristics and Standards

Material Type: 201, 202, and 304 are all austenitic stainless steels, with 304 being the most common general-purpose grade, offering superior corrosion resistance compared to 201 and 202.

Standards: Angle steel production must conform to ASTM A276 (stainless steel bars and profiles) or ASTM A479 (stainless steel bars and profiles), etc. 304 stainless steel corresponds to UNS S30400 in ASTM standards.

Surface Treatment: Various surface treatments are available, including polishing, brushing, and pickling.

Material Properties
High Strength: For example, the yield strength of Q345B angle steel reaches 345MPa, nearly 50% higher than Q235B (235MPa), enabling it to withstand greater loads.

Corrosion Resistance: Hot-dip galvanizing provides long-lasting protection, suitable for outdoor or corrosive environments, and meets the technical standards for corrosion protection of building steel structures.

Relevant Standards and Processes
Surface Treatment: Hot-dip galvanizing is a common process, requiring Sa2.5 grade rust removal to ensure coating adhesion.

Angle steel is usually made of low-carbon steel such as Q235B and is produced by hot rolling. It is widely used in engineering fields such as construction, machinery manufacturing, iron towers, and curtain walls.

Hot-rolled MS angle steel is a common type of steel used in construction and structures, and it comes in two types: equal-sided angle steel and unequal-sided angle steel. Its material is usually carbon steel (such as Q235B, Q345B), and it conforms to standards including GB, ASTM, JIS, BS, etc.

Specifications and Dimensions

Equal-sided angle steel: Specifications are expressed as "side width × side width × side thickness" (e.g., 90×90×10)

Unequal-sided angle steel: Specifications are expressed as "long side width × short side width × side thickness" (e.g., 150×90×12)

Common size range: Side width 25-200mm, thickness 5-24mm, length typically 6-12 meters

Japanese Standard Angle Steel: Specifications are expressed as side width × side width × side thickness (e.g., 90×90×8), with lengths typically ranging from 6 to 15 meters.

European Standard Angle Steel: Common specifications for equal-sided angle steel include 40×40×3 and 50×50×5, with lengths generally 6 or 12 meters.

Standards Applied: Japanese Standard (JIS), European Standard (EN 10025), Chinese Standard (GB/T 706-2016), etc.

Product Specifications and Standards

Material and Standards: The base material of this angle steel conforms to standards such as A36, SS400, and Q235.

Surface treatment is hot-dip galvanized, providing excellent corrosion resistance.

Size Range: The thickness of the angle steel is 3-24mm, and the length is typically 12 meters, with customization available.

Width ranges from 20-200mm.

Zinc Coating Weight: The weight of the hot-dip galvanized layer is typically between 400-600g/m², and can be adjusted according to requirements.

Feature highlights:High-strength S235JR, S275JR, and S355JR steel H-beams and I-beams designed for industrial usage, featuring hot-rolled or cold-rolled techniques. Suitable for bridge engineering, high-rise buildings, offshore platforms, and heavy machinery manufacturing. Products comply with DIN and EN10025 standards, ensuring uniform thickness, symmetrical design, and superior stress performance. Surface options include black, galvanized, or painted finishes. Global compatibility with BS, ASTM, and EN standards supports over 85% of international project needs.

ASTM A36 is a widely used carbon structural steel, with its H-beams playing a vital role in construction, bridge building, and machinery manufacturing. The following is detailed information about ASTM A36 H-beams:

Material Properties
Chemical Composition: Carbon (C) ≤0.25%, Manganese (Mn) 0.80-1.20%, Phosphorus (P) and Sulfur (S) ≤0.04% and 0.05%, respectively

Mechanical Properties: Yield strength ≥250MPa, Tensile strength 400-550MPa, Elongation ≥20%